MOLECULAR GENETIC MECHANISMS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CROHN’S DISEASE

In the literature review there are presented the modern views on the concept of the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease (CD). There has been analyzed the role of defects in innate immunity in CD associated with mutations in genes NOD2/CARD15, ATG16L1, IRGM which regulate processes of bacterial pattern recognition and autophagy. There was denoted the pathogenetic significance of mutations of gene of the vector of the differentiation of Th17-lymphocytes (IL-23R, IL-12B, JAK2, STAT3, PTGER4). There are presented data on the role of lymphocyte adhesion molecules in the modern concept of pathogenesis the of CD. In details there is justified the possible involvement of products of considered candidate genes in the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease with indication of the main pathogenetic hypotheses.